Causes of hair loss in women and solutions

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There are different types and causes of hair loss in women. To understand causes of hair loss in women better, it is best to understand how hair itself forms first.



So How Does Hair Form?

Hairs are produced in the hair follicles. The number of hair follicles on the scalp is around 100,000. This is different for every individual and is genetically determined. For instance, blonds have more hair follicles on their scalp than people with reddish or black hair.

There are several hair growth phases that can be distinguished:

the growth phase (anagen phase)
the transition phase (catagen phase)
the resting phase (telogen phase)

The growth phase of hair takes 3 years in the scalp. Women’s growth phase of each hair takes longer than men. In the course of the last year of growth, the hair cell division is slow, and the base of the hair becomes thinner. This sometimes becomes exacerbated in the case of thinning hair women, where hair moves from being thick and beautiful to just thin and drab.

Then comes the transition phase in which the growth stops completely and the hair is less firmly anchored in the hair follicle. Following the resting phase, hair naturally falls out.

After several months, there’s new hair follicle development in which a new hair is produced. In the course of life, the number of hair follicles (and thus the thickness of hair on the head) wanes off. This is partly dependent on hormonal factors.

Types of Causes Of Hair Loss In Women


These are the various kinds of causes of hair loss in women:

Androgenetic alopecia

Androgenetic alopecia, or male pattern baldness, is a very common form of permanent hair loss. It is perfectly normal for men and women and is rarely indicative of an underlying disease.
In men with a predisposition to androgenetic alopecia, hair loss begins at any time after puberty.

Typically, the (very gradual) hair loss starts on top of the crown and at the temples and then slowly expands. The hair on both sides of the head and on the back do not fall off. This is due to a genetic sensitivity of hair for dihydrotestosterone (DHT), one of the male hormones.

Hair on the crown for many men seem especially sensitive to this hormone. This DHT causes hair to experience a shortened anagen growth phase so the hair seems thinner and finally atrophy of the hair roots occurs. At that time, new hair growth is no longer possible.

In women, female pattern hair loss (HVP) often happens in menopause. This condition resembles androgenetic alopecia because hair loss is mainly concentrated on the crown. For women, the degree of hair loss is often inherited. Whenever young women display androgenetic alopecia-related symptoms, the doctor will in many cases seek to increase endocrinological hormones.

Alopecia areata

In alopecia areata, there are patches of hair loss. It is usually localized hair loss on the scalp, but in principle it can occur in any hairy area of the skin, such as the beard area, pubic area and eyebrows. In 5-10% of patients all the hair in these areas will fall off.

This is referred to as alopecia areata totalis. In 1-2%, there is even a loss of all body hair and this is called alopecia areata universalis.

Alopecia areata is almost certainly an autoimmune disorder. It recognizes the body’s hair wrongly as not respecting other bodily functions and thus knocks them off. In this case an inflammatory reaction can be observed under a microscope around the hair follicles in the skin.

Alopecia areata has an unpredictable course and that is why it differs in each patient. In the vast majority of people with alopecia areata, the hair removal is localized and sudden hair growth can occur within 2 years without any medical intervention.

Trichotillomania

This type of hair loss is due to repeatedly pulling the hairs by the sufferer. This often occurs subconsciously. Not infrequently, it may involve the rotation of the hair around the fingers. A fairly sharply defined baldness or sparse hairy spots will result. Sometimes Trichotillomania is better seen in the context of a psychiatric disorder. Stopping the manipulation of the hair usually leads to a complete restoration of hair growth.

Traction alopecia

In traction alopecia (hair loss by pulling) hair loss occurs in certain hairstyles where continuous traction on the hair takes place. Tightly woven braids (eg rasta hairstyles), some tightly bound ponytails and frequent use of a curl set can lead to traction alopecia. When the traction is very lengthy and repeated it may lead to permanent hair loss.

Telogen defluvium

This happens when unusually lots of hair is removed in the telogen phase (resting phase). This is usually sporadically spread over the scalp. The patient notices may notice a relatively large amount of hair loss: hair on the pillow, in the drain of the shower etc. Sometimes this type of hair loss happens so violently that the scalp becomes visible through the remaining hair.

This “synchronization” of the hair growth phases leading to the telogen defluvium can usually be traced back to a stressful event that might have hapenned 2 to 4 months prior to the start of the hair loss event.

This may for example be due to pregnancy, but also an illness, or moments of severe mental stress. Hair growth is usually restored again within a year. However, this recovery is not always complete and so far there is no known treatment that can accelerate the recovery.

Hair loss by drugs

The use of drugs can also cause hair loss. The hair loss occurs diffusely on the scalp. A good example is of course the extreme hair loss that can occur after the use of certain forms of chemotherapy.

But other drugs can cause hair loss. Some drug groups that regularly cause problems with hair loss are listed below:

Quite often:

cytostatics (chemotherapy)
anticoagulants (‘blood thinners’)
retinoids (isotretinoin, acitretin, used in dermatology)
lithium (psychiatry)

Sometimes

antimalarial drugs
beta-blockers (cardiology)
ACE inhibitors (cardiology)

Causes of Hair Loss In Women: Scarring Of The Scalp


When scarring of the skin happens, hair follicles can disappear at that spot such that no hair grows, even after the eventual cure of the original disease. Scarring hair loss (alopecia cicatriciele) can be divided into 5 groups. These groups are listed below with a few examples of each group of major causes.

1 Hereditary disorders

2 Infections

bacteria (eg syphilis)
fungi
protozoa (eg Leishmania)

3 Cancer

basal cell carcinoma
squamous cell carcinoma
lymphomas

4 Physical causes

radiation
combustion

5 Inflammation of the skin

lupus erythematosus
lichen planus
sarcoidosis
mucinosis follicularis
frontal fibrosing alopecia
amyloidosis
folliculitis decalvans
etc.
Causes of Hair loss In Women: Internal Diseases

Various internal diseases can cause hair loss. An important example is problems with the thyroid. This can lead to diffused hair loss and partial loss of the hair of the eyebrows (with an underactive thyroid or hypothroidizm).

Certain disorders involving the absorption of too few nutrients from the digestive tract (malabsorption syndromes) such as gluten enteropathy can lead to hair loss.
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Hair loss caused by smoking

In the medical literature a greater risk of hair loss and baldness has been reported in smokers more than in non-smokers. This is explained by a decrease in skin blood flow in people who smoke. This allows less oxygen and nutrition to the hair roots, leading to the deterioration of its quality and could even lead to complete hair loss.

Loose anagen hair syndrome

This form of thinning of the hair can be observed in young children (especially girls).

Female Hair Loss Treatment

With hair loss problems, you can contact any dermatologists. A number of dermatologists have additional specialty in problems relating to hair loss. Sometimes they are connected to special clinics.

Once one understands the causes of hair loss in women it becomes easier to seek the necessary female hair loss treatment.






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Hair Loss in Women and Preventing Female Hair Loss

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