This are the investigations needed to reach diagnosis in a case of
bronchogenic carcinoma , and its differential diagnosis (DDx) .
Investigations•
X- ray shows :
- Coin shadow - Cavity, collapse.
- Mediastinum mass - Diaphragmatic paralysis
- Effusion - Rib erosion
•
CT- Coin shadow - Cavity, collapse.
- Mediastinum mass - Diaphragmatic paralysis
- Effusion - Rib erosion
•
scan chest
•
Sputum•
examination (cytology) for malignant cells, this may be helpful in patients who are not fit for bronchoscopy.
•
Bronchoscopy•
: biopsy and bronchial brush samples, also it can assess the proximity of central tumours to the main carina.
•
L. N biopsy
•
from scalene pad of fat .
•
Mediastinoscopy•
( for local extension)
•
Pleural biopsy•
in patients with pleural effusion.
• If bronchoscopy fails to obtain a cytological diagnosis,
percutaneous needle biopsy under CT• If bronchoscopy fails to obtain a cytological diagnosis,
guidance may be helpful in patients with peripheral tumours.
• Laboratory investigations for paramaliganant syndrome .
Differential diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma• Laboratory investigations for paramaliganant syndrome .